This Individual Arbitration Agreement will survive termination of the Terms.
Although the Terms are made and entered into between you and Company, Company’s affiliates, owners, members, managers, directors, and employees (the “Related Parties”) are intended third-party beneficiaries of the Terms for purposes of the provisions of the Terms referring specifically to them, including the Individual Arbitration Agreement. You, Company, and the Related Parties (each, together with, as applicable, each of the Related Parties, a “Party” and collectively, the “Parties”) acknowledge that nothing contained herein is intended to create any involvement by, responsibility of, or liability for, the Related Parties with respect to any dealings between you on the one hand and Company on the other hand, and the Parties further acknowledge that nothing contained herein shall be argued by any of them to constitute any waiver by the Related Parties of any defense that Related Parties may otherwise have concerning whether they can properly be made a Party to any Dispute between the other Parties.
THIS PROVISION AFFECTS HOW CLAIMS YOU MAY HAVE AGAINST COMPANY, OR CLAIMS COMPANY MAY HAVE AGAINST YOU, WILL BE RESOLVED. YOU UNDERSTAND AND AGREE THAT THE INDIVIDUAL ARBITRATION AGREEMENT OPERATES AS A SEPARATE AND DISTINCT AGREEMENT THAT IS SEVERABLE FROM THE REMAINDER OF THE AGREEMENT AND IS ENFORCEABLE REGARDLESS OF THE ENFORCEABILITY OF ANY OTHER PROVISION OF THE AGREEMENT OR THE AGREEMENT AS A WHOLE. CONSIDERATION FOR THIS INDIVIDUAL ARBITRATION AGREEMENT INCLUDES, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE PARTIES’ MUTUAL AGREEMENT TO ARBITRATE DISPUTES. THE PARTIES FURTHER UNDERSTAND AND AGREE THAT THE UNENFORCEABILITY OF THE AGREEMENT IN WHOLE OR IN PART SHALL NOT SUPPORT A FINDING THAT THE INDIVIDUAL ARBITRATION AGREEMENT IN THIS CHAPTER IS UNENFORCEABLE.
EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY PROVIDED HEREIN, TO PROMOTE TO THE FULLEST EXTENT REASONABLY POSSIBLE A MUTUALLY AMICABLE RESOLUTION OF DISPUTES IN A TIMELY, EFFICIENT, AND COST-EFFECTIVE MANNER, THE PARTIES HEREBY WAIVE THEIR RESPECTIVE RIGHTS TO TRIAL BY JURY OR ANY COURT.
Except as otherwise provided herein, any controversy, claim or dispute of whatever nature arising between you, on the one hand, and Company and/or the Related Parties, on the other, including but not limited to those arising out of or relating to the Terms, the Site, use of the Site, the Privacy Policy, the sale, purchase or use of Company services or products, or the commercial, economic or other relationship of the Parties, whether such claim is based on rights, privileges or interests recognized by or based upon statute, contract, tort, common law or otherwise (“Dispute”) shall be settled through binding arbitration as provided herein.
Except as provided herein, the arbitrator(s) shall have the exclusive power to determine and rule upon challenges to the arbitrator’s jurisdiction to preside over the Dispute, including any objections with respect to the existence, scope, or validity of this Individual Arbitration Agreement and/or to the arbitrability of any Dispute.
Expect as provided herein, and unless the laws of the state or province in which you reside expressly require otherwise, all Disputes shall be submitted for resolution to binding arbitration in Houston, Texas in accordance with the rules of the Judicial Arbitration and Media Services (JAMS) and this Individual Arbitration Agreement, with the Individual Arbitration Agreement controlling in the event of any conflict. The JAMS rules and procedures are available at https://www.jamsadr.com/ and will be provided upon request to privacyoffice@howardhughes.com.
Notwithstanding the rules of JAMS, the following will apply to all arbitrations:
- The Parties agree that time is of the essence.
- The arbitration will be conducted in English (with appropriate translators as may be necessary).
- The Federal Rules of Evidence will apply in all cases.
- The Parties will be entitled to bring motions under Rules 12 and/or 56 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.
- The Parties will be allotted equal time to present their respective cases, including cross-examinations.
- The decision of the arbitrator will be final and binding on the Parties and may, if necessary, be reduced to a judgment in a court of competent jurisdiction, except that a Party may choose to appeal certain arbitration awards as described below. Any motion or action to confirm, vacate, modify, or otherwise enter judgment on the award shall comply with the Jurisdiction and Venue provision of the Terms. Further, to the fullest extent allowed by law, any Party seeking to enforce an award of an arbitrator(s) shall submit the award under seal to maintain protections of confidential information, and the Parties hereby agree and consent to the filing of such a submission, motion, or order under seal.
- The arbitrator(s) will have no authority to award punitive damages, except where an applicable law or statute expressly require otherwise.
In addition to the foregoing and notwithstanding the rules of JAMS, certain procedures will apply depending on the amount in controversy. For Disputes in which the amount in controversy is less than $1,000,000.00 (one million dollars), the following procedures will apply absent mutual written agreement of the Parties to the contrary:
- The arbitration will occur within 180 days from the date on which the arbitrator is appointed and will last no more than five business days.
- There will be one arbitrator selected from the panel provided by JAMS, using the JAMS rules for arbitrator selection.
- The arbitrator shall institute discovery consistent with the goals of arbitration. Discovery and disclosure of information will be conducted under the rules provided by JAMS to achieve the usual goals of arbitration, including cost effective and efficient resolution of disputes between Parties, but in no event shall, the Parties be entitled to discovery rights greater than provided by the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.
For Disputes in which the amount in controversy is equal to or exceeds $1,000,000.00, the following procedures will apply absent mutual written agreement of the Parties to the contrary:
- There will be three arbitrators selected from the panel provided by JAMS, using the JAMS rules for arbitrator selection.
- The Parties will be entitled to, and limited by, all discovery rights permitted by the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.
- The Parties will be entitled to appeal any arbitration award to an Appeal Panel under the JAMS Optional Arbitration Appeal Procedures. The Parties agree to request oral argument for any appeal filed under the Optional Arbitration Appeal Procedures
TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, THE PARTIES (INCLUDING THE RELATED PARTIES) AGREE THAT EACH PARTY MAY ASSERT A CLAIM OR COUNTERCLAIM IN THAT PARTY’S INDIVIDUAL CAPACITY ONLY AND NOT AS A CLAIMANT, PLAINTIFF, OR CLASS MEMBER IN ANY PURPORTED CLASS, COLLECTIVE, CONSOLIDATED, MASS, OR REPRESENTATIVE PROCEEDING. NOTWITHSTANDING ANYTHING TO THE CONTRARY IN THE JAMS RULES, THE ARBITRATOR(S) SHALL HAVE NO AUTHORITY TO HEAR THE PARTIES’ DISPUTES ON A CLASS, COLLECTIVE, CONSOLIDATED, MASS, OR REPRESENTATIVE BASIS, AND, ACCORDINGLY, THE ARBITRATOR(S) MAY NOT CONSOLIDATE MORE THAN ONE PERSON’S DISPUTES AND MAY NOT OTHERWISE PRESIDE OVER ANY PROCEEDING ON A NON-INDIVIDUAL BASIS EXCEPT WITH THE WRITTEN CONSENT OF ALL PARTIES TO AN ARBITRATION PROCEEDING.
IF A COURT OR ARBITRATOR DECIDES THAT ANY PART OF THIS AGREEMENT TO ARBITRATE CANNOT BE ENFORCED AS TO A PARTICULAR CLAIM FOR RELIEF OR REMEDY (SUCH AS REPRESENTATIVE OR INJUNCTIVE RELIEF), THEN, TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, THAT CLAIM OR REMEDY (AND ONLY THAT CLAIM OR REMEDY) MUST BE BROUGHT IN COURT AND MUST BE STAYED PENDING ARBITRATION OF THE ARBITRABLE CLAIMS AND REMEDIES. THE PARTIES FURTHER AGREE THAT IF SUCH STAY IS LIFTED, UNLESS PROHIBITED BY APPLICABLE LAW, SUCH CLAIMS SHALL BE LITIGATED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE JURISDICTION AND VENUE PROVISION HEREIN.
The Parties understand and agree that Company has valuable trade secrets and confidential information. The Parties agree to take all necessary steps to protect from public disclosure of such trade secrets and confidential information in any proceeding pursuant to this Individual Arbitration Agreement.
Except as provided below, no Party shall be entitled to commence or maintain any action in a court of law upon any matter in dispute until such matter has been submitted and determined as provided here, and then only for the enforcement of such arbitration award. Notwithstanding this Individual Arbitration Agreement, any Party may apply to a court of competent jurisdiction as necessary to enforce an arbitration award, or to seek a temporary restraining order or temporary or preliminary injunction to ensure that the relief sought in arbitration is not rendered ineffectual during the pendency of, or after the rendition of, a decision in any arbitration proceeding. Furthermore, notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, to the extent a Party contests the jurisdiction of a state or federal court to preside over claims for a temporary restraining order or temporary or preliminary injunctive relief as described above, the court in which such claim is made shall have exclusive jurisdiction to determine whether it has jurisdiction to preside over and rule upon a Party’s request for the court to issue a temporary restraining order or temporary or preliminary injunction. The institution of any action shall not constitute a waiver of the right or obligation of any Party to submit any claim seeking relief other than that provided in this paragraph to arbitration.
Other than your initial filing fees up to a maximum of $250, Company shall reimburse you for all filing, administration, and arbitrator fees associated with the arbitration proceedings commenced pursuant to the provisions of these Terms of Service. Notwithstanding the forgoing sentence, to the fullest extent permitted under applicable law, you shall be responsible for all additional fees and costs incurred in the arbitration, including, without limitation, your attorney and expert witness fees and costs.
Bellwether Arbitration Procedures: Notwithstanding any provision of the JAMS Rules, these bellwether procedures shall be used when more than 10 arbitration cases pending at the same time present substantially similar or overlapping allegations of fact or law. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary provided herein, a court of competent jurisdiction, and not JAMS or an arbitrator, shall resolve any dispute over whether these bellwether procedures apply to any group of claims.
The Parties recognize and agree that a large number of arbitration cases with similar allegations will impose excessive transaction costs regardless of the cases’ merit or lack of merit. The Parties also recognize and agree that it is logistically difficult or impossible to arbitrate simultaneously large numbers of substantially similar cases. The Parties therefore agree to use bellwether litigation procedures similar to those that courts use in mass-tort cases, based on the judiciary’s experience that, after one or a few cases are tried to verdict, most or all of the other cases settle or otherwise resolve themselves.
The Parties thus agree that, to the maximum extent permitted by law, no more than 10 cases/arbitrations will be active at any one time. All remaining cases will be stayed, with the statute of limitations tolled. The Parties understand and agree that if these bellwether arbitration procedures apply, then adjudication of the Dispute may be delayed. Unless the Dispute resolves in advance, and notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, the arbitrator(s) shall render their final and binding decision in any Dispute subject to these bellwether procedures within 180 days of the initial pre-hearing conference.
As soon as one of the original active cases is resolved (by decision, settlement, or otherwise), a stayed arbitration shall replace it on the list of 10 active cases/arbitrations. Except as provided below, cases shall be placed on or moved to the active list in the order in which demands for arbitration are first received. Until a case is on or is moved to the list of 10 active cases, the sum any Party paid to initiate a case shall be refunded, and no Party shall have any obligation to pay any JAMS or arbitrator fees.
If you claim exceptional hardship from any delay pursuant to this bellwether procedure, you may petition Company to waive the 10-case limit for that case. If Company does not agree, you may petition JAMS to place the arbitration on the list of 10 active cases, on the ground that delay will impose exceptional hardship. If JAMS finds exceptional hardship and grants the petition, JAMS shall (based on its determination of relative hardship) remove one other case from the list of 10 active cases/arbitrations and place it at the head of the list of stayed cases. Under no circumstances shall JAMS place more than 10 cases/arbitrations into active status. If more than 10 hardship applications are granted, JAMS shall determine which 10 cases/arbitrations shall proceed first, based on its determination of relative hardship.
If you do not want to be subject to this Individual Arbitration Agreement, you may opt out by notifying Company in writing of your desire to opt out within thirty (30) days of your execution of the Individual Arbitration Agreement. Acceptable forms of notice include sending an email to privacyoffice@howardhughes.com or by sending a letter dated and signed by the you to the following address:
Howard Hughes Management Co., LLC
Attn: General Counsel
9950 Woodloch Forest Dr,
Suite 1100
The Woodlands, TX
77380
Either email or letter must clearly state your name and the intent to opt out of this Individual Arbitration Agreement. Company reserves the right to terminate your account if you choose to opt out of the Individual Arbitration Agreement.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Terms of Service, any amendment by Company to this Individual Arbitration Agreement shall take effect only upon your express agreement to such amendment. You may indicate agreement to such proposed amendment by following the instructions accompanying the proposed amendment. Company may terminate your account if you do not agree to a proposed amendment to the Individual Arbitration Agreement within thirty (30) days after notice of the amendment is provided. Any such amendment shall apply to all claims or other Disputes brought by the Parties on or after the effective date of the amendment, regardless of the date of occurrence or accrual of any facts underlying such claims or Disputes.
If any provision of this Individual Arbitration Agreement, in its current form or as may be amended, is found to be invalid or unenforceable for any reason, such provision shall be severed, and the severed provision shall be reformed only to the extent necessary to make it enforceable. The balance of the Individual Arbitration Agreement will remain in full force and effect.
CLASS ACTION WAIVER:
TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, THE PARTIES (INCLUDING THE RELATED PARTIES) AGREE THAT EACH PARTY MAY ASSERT A CLAIM OR COUNTERCLAIM IN THAT PARTY’S INDIVIDUAL CAPACITY ONLY AND NOT AS A PLAINTIFF OR CLASS MEMBER IN ANY PURPORTED CLASS, COLLECTIVE, CONSOLIDATED, MASS, OR REPRESENTATIVE PROCEEDING, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION SUCH PROCEEDINGS BROUGHT IN FEDERAL OR STATE COURT.